山西省某煤矿区土壤重金属/类金属污染与健康风险评估Metal and metalloid pollution and health risk assessment in a coal mine area of Shanxi Province, China
成碧君;杨秀娟;高林英;刘良坡;张红梅;
摘要(Abstract):
目的 了解山西煤矿区农田土壤重金属/类金属污染的来源、污染特征及其健康风险。方法 研究测定了山西省某煤矿区农田土壤样本中重金属/类金属含量,分析矿区土壤重金属/类金属污染特征,基于主成分/绝对主成分受体模型(principal component analysis/absolute principal component score receptor model, PCA/APCS)开展污染来源分析,通过健康风险评价评估周围居民的健康风险。结果 结果表明该煤矿污染区:(1)Zn、Cu、Cr和As的浓度均显著高于对照区,As浓度是风险管制值的(3.4~4.3)倍;(2)研究区域内梅罗指数为4.34,表示土壤处于重金属/类金属复合重度污染;污染负荷指数为1.59,土壤污染负荷处于轻度水平;综合潜在生态风险指数为32.89,土壤生态处于轻度风险;(3)源解析结果显示土壤重金属Zn、Ni和Cu受煤矿开采、煤炭运输和农业活动等人类活动影响,As和Cr主要来自自然活动影响;(4)非致癌风险指数均未超过1,重金属/类金属污染对人体健康产生的非致癌风险甚微;Ni、Cr和As的致癌风险指数处于10(-6)~10(-6)~10(-4)之间,表明这些重金属/类金属对人体健康存在一定的致癌风险,但尚在可接受范围内。结论 煤矿污染区土壤重金属/类金属分布存在明显差异,其重金属/类金属复合污染有必要引起重视;尽管研究区域的土壤重金属/类金属污染引起的健康风险均未超过阈值,但土壤污染防治丝毫不容怠懈,对土壤重金属/类金属健康风险应提高警惕,加强预警。
关键词(KeyWords): 土壤重金属/类金属;生态风险;健康风险评估;煤矿区;主成分/绝对主成分受体模型(PCA/APCS)
基金项目(Foundation): 山西省应用基础研究计划项目(201801D221404);; 山西医科大学校级博士启动基金项目(03201522)
作者(Authors): 成碧君;杨秀娟;高林英;刘良坡;张红梅;
DOI: 10.13421/j.cnki.hjwsxzz.2022.05.003
参考文献(References):
- [1] Fan MC,Xiao X,Guo YQ,et al.Enhanced phytoremdiation of Robinia pseudoacacia in heavy metal-contaminated soils with rhizobia and the associated bacterial community structure and function[J].Chemosphere,2018,197:729-740.DOI:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.01.102.
- [2] 周江明.中国耕地重金属污染现状及其人为污染源浅析[J].中国土壤与肥料,2020,(2):83-92.DOI:10.11838/sfsc.1673-6257.19117.
- [3] 陈文轩,李茜,王珍,等.中国农田土壤重金属空间分布特征及污染评价[J].环境科学,2020,41(6):2822-2833.DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201910075.
- [4] Qi HX,Zhao BQ,Li LH,et al.Heavy metal contamination and ecological risk assessment of the agricultural soil in Shanxi province,China[J].Roy Soc Open Sci,2020,7(10):200538.DOI:10.1098/rsos.200538.
- [5] 赵颖,王飞,乔鹏明.污灌区农田土壤-作物体系重金属复合污染及健康风险评价[J].江苏农业科学,2020,48(23):270-274.DOI:10.15889/j.issn.1002-1302.2020.23.053.
- [6] 刘斌,郭星,朱宇恩.基于随机森林模型的土壤重金属源解析——以晋中盆地为例[J].干旱区资源与环境,2019,33(1):106-111.DOI:10.13448/j.cnki.jalre.2019.017.
- [7] 李家莹,陈亚婷,安燕飞,等.亳州市涡北煤矿周边农田土壤重金属污染评价及来源解析[J].安徽农业大学学报,2021,48(4):641-647.DOI:10.13610/j.cnki.1672-352x.20210909.005.
- [8] 刘军,张成福,孙冬杰,等.草原区煤矿开采对周边旱作农田土壤养分和重金属的影响[J].生态与农村环境学报,2019,35(7):909-916.DOI:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2018.0441.
- [9] 邱会东,吕远,张小敏,等.食用植物油中重金属元素残留实验分析[J].重庆科技学院学报(自然科学版),2016,18(4):77-80.DOI:10.19406/j.cnki.cqkjxyxbzkb.2016.04.022.
- [10] 常青,王永亮,杨治平,等.木醋液对土壤pH,EC与茄子叶片光合特性及根系发育的影响[J].农业资源与环境学报,2019,36(3):322-328.DOI:10.13254/j.jare.2019.0057.
- [11] 伍语盈,黄景龄,袁媛,等.河口岛屿土壤重金属污染的空间特征与风险评价——以上海崇明岛为例[J].复旦学报(自然科学版),2021,60(6):789-797.DOI:10.15943/j.cnki.fdxb-jns.2021.06.011.
- [12] Hakanson L.An ecological risk index for aquatic pollution control:A sediment logical approach[J].Water Res,1980,14(8):975-1001.DOI:10.1016/0043-1354(80)90143-8.
- [13] 林逸凡,林春野,刘希涛.土壤重金属污染潜在生态风险指数评价方法改进和案例验证[J].土壤与作物,2021,10(4):467-473.DOI:10.11689/j.issn.2095-2961.04.012.
- [14] Bedaiwi A,Wysong A,Rogan EG,et al.Arsenic exposure and Melanoma among US adults aged 20 or older,2003—2016[J].Public Health Rep,2021,(2):00333549211008886.DOI:10.1177/00333549211008886.
- [15] Turhan ?,Garad AMK,Han?erlio■ullar? A,et al.Ecological assessment of heavy metals in soil around a coal-fired thermal power plant in Turkey[J].Environ Earth Sci,2020,79(3):1-15.DOI:10.1007/s12665-020-8864-1.
- [16] Wu HY,Yang F,Li HP,et al.Heavy metal pollution and health risk assessment of agricultural soil near a smelter in an industrial city in China[J].Int J Environ Heal R,2019,30(2):174-186.DOI:10.1080/09603123.2019.1584666.
- [17] 陈泽华,焦思,余爱华,等.土壤重金属污染评价方法探析——以南京市为例[J].森林工程,2020,36(3):28-36.DOI:10.16270/j.cnki.slgc.2020.03.005.
- [18] 陈雅丽,翁莉萍,马杰,等.近十年中国土壤重金属污染源解析研究进展[J].农业环境科学学报,2019,38(10):2219-2238.DOI:10.11654/jaes.2018-1449.
- [19] 杨子鹏,肖荣波,陈玉萍,等.华南地区典型燃煤电厂周边土壤重金属分布、风险评估及来源分析[J].生态学报,2020,40(14):4823-4835.DOI:10.5846/stxb201905271089.
- [20] 杨洁,周晓芳,王新富,等.基于PCA/APCS的草原区煤矿土壤重金属环境质量评价与定量溯源研究[J].草地学报,2021,29(3):537-544.DOI:10.11733/j .issn .1007-0435.2021.03.015.
- [21] Gujre N,Mitra S,Soni A,et al.Speciation,contamination,ecological and human health risks assessment of heavy metals in soils dumped with municipal solid wastes[J].Chemosphere,2021,262:128013.DOI:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128013.
- [22] United States Environmental Protection Agency(US EPA).Exposure factors handbook 2011 edition (final report)[S].Washington,DC:Office of Emergency and Remedial Response,2011.
- [23] United States Environmental Protection Agency(US EPA).Risk assessment guidance for superfund (RAGS) volume iii:part A[S].Washington DC:Office of Emergency and Remedial Response,2001.
- [24] 王丽,郭海昊,苗淑明,等.阜阳市某区农村饮用水氟化物的分布特征及健康风险评估[J].环境卫生学杂志,2021,11(2):194-200.DOI:10.13421/j.cnki.hjwsxzz.2021.02.015.
- [25] 生态环境部,国家市场监督管理总局.土壤环境质量农用地土壤污染风险管控标准(试行):GB 15618-2018[S] .北京:中国标准出版社,2018.
- [26] 刘乃静,李臻,赵银鑫,等.吴忠市表层土壤重金属污染及其潜在生态风险评价[J].科学技术与工程,2020,20(17):7114-7121.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1671-1815.2020.17.060.
- [27] 史崇文,赵玲芝,郭新波,等.山西土壤元素背景值及其特征[J].华北地质矿产杂志,1994(2):188-196.
- [28] 中国环境监测总站.中国土壤元素背景值[J].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1990.
- [29] 姜冰,王松涛,孙增兵,等.基于不同参比值的土壤重金属潜在生态风险评价[J].科学技术与工程,2022,22(7):2964-2971.
- [30] 贾旭威,王晨,曾祥英,等.三峡沉积物中重金属污染累积及潜在生态风险评估[J].地球化学,2014,43(2):174-179.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.0379-1726.2014.02.009.
- [31] Liu Y,Wang HF,Li XT,et al.Heavy metal contamination of agricultural soils in Taiyuan,China[J].Pedosphere,2015,25(6):901-909.DOI:10.1016/S1002-0160(15)30070-9.
- [32] 钱欢,苏辉跃,黄德银,等.佛山高明区农田土壤重金属污染调查与来源识别[J].广州化工,2021,49(16):116-118,137.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-9677.2021.16.040.
- [33] 刘敏,郝春明.峰峰矿区矿井水污灌区重金属污染评价及定量源解析[J].科学技术与工程,2021,21(17):7377-7384.
- [34] Zhao XG,Li ZL,Wang DL,et al.Characteristics,source apportionment and health risk assessment of heavy metals exposure via household dust from six cities in China[J].Sci Total Environ,2021,762:143126.DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143126.
- [35] Wang Q,Hong HL,Yang D,et al.Health risk assessment of heavy metal and its mitigation by glomalin-related soil protein in sediments along the South China coast[J].Environ Pollut,2020,263(Pt A):114565.DOI:10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114565.
- [36] Cheng Z,Chen LJ,Li HH,et al.Characteristics and health risk assessment of heavy metals exposure via household dust from urban area in Chengdu,China[J].Sci Total Environ,2018,619-620:621-629.DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.144.
- [37] Ustao■lu F,Ta? B,Tepe Y,et al.Comprehensive assessment of water quality and associated health risk by using physicochemical quality indices and multivariate analysis in Terme River,Turkey[J].Environ Sci Pollut Res,2021,28:62736-62754.DOI:10.1007/s11356-021-15135-3.
- [38] 张雅茹,黄伊恒,于博媛.煤矿周边土壤重金属的含量特征及健康风险评价[J].安徽农学通报,2021,27(6):139-144,151.DOI:10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2021.06.053.
- [39] Ning ZP,Liu EG,Yao DJ,et al.Contamination,oral bioaccessibility and human health risk assessment of thallium and other metal(loid)s in farmland soils around a historic Tl Hg mining area[J].Sci Total Environ,2021,758:143577.DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143577.
- [40] Krupnova TG,Rakova OV,Gavrilkina SV,et al.Road dust trace elements contamination,sources,dispersed composition,and human health risk in Chelyabinsk,Russia[J].Chemosphere,2020,261:127799.DOI:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127799.
- [41] 段小丽.中国人群暴露参数手册(儿童卷 0-5岁)[M].北京:环境科学出版社,2016:10-55.
- [42] 环境保护部.中国人群暴露参数手册,成人卷[M].北京:中国环境出版社,2013:13-68.